Wastewater Treatment

Every industry has different pollution potential, so we can't use the same treatment technology for all. Research and development is always needed to provide a better treatment facility for specific industrial water pollution. 

Type of Effluent Treatment:

1. Physico Chemical Treatment:
2. Biological Treatment

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1. Physico Chemical Process: The treatment system involves with chemicals like alum, lime, Poly aluminium chloride, poly electrolyte etc. Physico chemical process consists following steps.

• Screening
• Oil & Grease Removal
• Grit Removal
• pH Correction/Equalization
• Chemical Dosing 
• Setting Tank
• Filtration.
  

• Biological Treatment System: Microbes are responsible for biological treatment, mainly bacteria, protozoan, rotifers etc. The microorganisms break down organic pollutants into simplest form and utilized as food and reproduce themselves in double.

• Aerobic Process: Air (Oxygen) is required for the digestion of organic pollutants, The aerobic bacteria breakdown the organic substances into monomer units with the help of enzymes and digest it for the survival. 

• Anaerobic Process: Air (Oxygen) is not limitation for this process, the anaerobic bacteria works without air (oxygen). The digestion of pollutants involves hydrolysis, acitogenesis, acidogenesis and methanogenesis.

• Attached Growth Process: It is also known as fixed film process. in this system the microbes grow on the a media like stone, wood, ceramic or PVC. Microbes develop their colonies on said media and form a biofilm on it when the wastewater a passes through these media (having microbial colonies) the microbes digest the organic matters and reduce the pollution load. Some examples of attached growth process are-

1. Tickling Filters
2. Rotating Biological Contrators
3. Fluidized Bed Biofilm Reactors
4. Submerged Aerobic Bio Reactors 

• Suspended Growth Process: It is the simplest treatment form, the microbes are found in aeration basin as suspension. The wastewater enters in aeration basin and get mixed with the microbes and digestion begins in presence of oxygen. Some examples are-

1.  Activated Sludge Process
2. Extended Aeration System